{"id":10,"slug":"adult-stem-cell","name":"Adult Stem Cell","alternate_names":["somatic stem cell","tissue-specific stem cell","성체줄기세포","성체 줄기세포","체성줄기세포"],"aliases":[],"locale":"en","available_locales":["en"],"localized":false,"type":"medical","description":"Adult stem cells are undifferentiated cells found in developed tissues that can renew themselves and produce some of the specialized cell types of that tissue.","overview":"Adult stem cells (somatic or tissue-specific stem cells) are rare undifferentiated cells that reside in specialized niches in tissues such as bone marrow, skin, intestine, muscle and fat. They self-renew and are generally multipotent, producing the cell types of their own tissue to replace old or damaged cells. Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation is the established clinical use. Mesenchymal stromal cells from bone marrow or adipose tissue are widely studied; the US FDA approved the first such product, Ryoncil, in December 2024 for pediatric steroid-refractory acute GVHD, and Korea approved an autologous bone-marrow product for myocardial infarction in 2011. Most other uses remain investigational. Readers should confirm a product's approval status and indication with the national regulator, as the FDA warns that many marketed stem cell products are unapproved.","official_url":null,"image_url":null,"country":null,"region":null,"wikidata_id":null,"wikipedia_url":null,"verified":false,"scores":{"authority":68,"trust":0,"citation":0},"topic":{"slug":"svf","name":"SVF & Adipose-derived Cells"},"url":"https://worldwiki.io/entity/adult-stem-cell","facts":[{"id":164,"predicate":"definition","label":"Definition","value":"Rare undifferentiated cells within a differentiated tissue that can self-renew and have limited multipotency","unit":null,"confidence":80,"valid_from":null,"valid_until":null,"verified_at":"2026-09-18 06:47:22","source_ids":[237]},{"id":165,"predicate":"stem_cell_niche","label":"Niche","value":"A specialized microenvironment where supporting cells protect the stem cells and keep them quiescent until an activating signal arrives","unit":null,"confidence":80,"valid_from":null,"valid_until":null,"verified_at":"2026-09-18 06:47:22","source_ids":[237]},{"id":166,"predicate":"tissue_locations","label":"Tissues where identified","value":"Skin, liver, intestine, kidney, bone marrow, heart, lung, skeletal muscle, dental pulp and other dental tissues","unit":null,"confidence":80,"valid_from":null,"valid_until":null,"verified_at":"2026-09-18 06:47:22","source_ids":[237]},{"id":167,"predicate":"physiological_role","label":"Normal function","value":"Divide to replace nearby old or dying cells, which helps maintain and repair tissue","unit":null,"confidence":80,"valid_from":"2024-11-27","valid_until":null,"verified_at":"2026-09-18 06:47:22","source_ids":[236]},{"id":168,"predicate":"most_studied_type","label":"Most studied populations","value":"Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells from blood, bone marrow and adipose tissue, which are easy to access and isolate","unit":null,"confidence":80,"valid_from":null,"valid_until":null,"verified_at":"2026-09-18 06:47:22","source_ids":[237]},{"id":20,"predicate":"potency","label":"Potency","value":"Generally multipotent: differentiate into a limited range of cell types of their tissue","unit":null,"confidence":100,"valid_from":null,"valid_until":null,"verified_at":"2026-09-15 01:35:59","source_ids":[1]},{"id":169,"predicate":"regulatory_status_us","label":"US regulatory status (FDA consumer alert)","value":"FDA says the only approved stem cell products are cord-blood-derived hematopoietic progenitor cells for blood-system disorders. It calls many other marketed regenerative products unapproved and in some cases illegally marketed","unit":null,"confidence":80,"valid_from":"2024-04-09","valid_until":null,"verified_at":"2026-09-18 06:47:22","source_ids":[112]},{"id":21,"predicate":"established_use","label":"Established clinical use","value":"Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for blood and immune disorders","unit":null,"confidence":100,"valid_from":null,"valid_until":null,"verified_at":"2026-09-15 01:35:59","source_ids":[1]},{"id":170,"predicate":"first_us_msc_approval","label":"First FDA-approved mesenchymal stromal cell therapy","value":"Ryoncil (remestemcel-L-rknd, Mesoblast), approved 18 Dec 2024 for steroid-refractory acute GVHD in patients aged 2 months and older. Its cells come from the bone marrow of healthy adult donors","unit":null,"confidence":80,"valid_from":"2024-12-18","valid_until":null,"verified_at":"2026-09-18 06:47:22","source_ids":[238]},{"id":171,"predicate":"known_risks","label":"Labeled risks (Ryoncil)","value":"Hypersensitivity and acute infusion reactions, transmission of infectious disease, and ectopic tissue formation","unit":null,"confidence":80,"valid_from":"2024-12-18","valid_until":null,"verified_at":"2026-09-18 06:47:22","source_ids":[238]},{"id":172,"predicate":"regulatory_status_kr","label":"Korean approval (autologous bone-marrow MSC)","value":"The KFDA approved Hearticellgram-AMI (FCB Pharmicell) in July 2011 to improve left ventricular ejection fraction after reperfused acute myocardial infarction. It is autologous and must not be given to other patients","unit":null,"confidence":80,"valid_from":"2011-07-04","valid_until":null,"verified_at":"2026-09-18 06:47:22","source_ids":[239]}],"relations":[{"type":"is_a","confidence":100,"target":{"id":1,"slug":"stem-cell","name":"Stem Cell","type":"medical","description":"Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that can divide to produce more stem cells or develop into specialized cell types.","url":"https://worldwiki.io/entity/stem-cell"}},{"type":"related_to","confidence":100,"target":{"id":12,"slug":"adipose-derived-stem-cell","name":"Adipose-derived Stem Cell","type":"medical","description":"Adipose-derived stem cells (ADSC) are mesenchymal stem/stromal cells isolated from fat tissue and expanded in culture; they are studied for tissue repair and are a component of the stromal vascular fraction.","url":"https://worldwiki.io/entity/adipose-derived-stem-cell"}}],"questions":[{"slug":"what-is-an-adult-stem-cell","question":"What is an adult stem cell?","intent":"informational","language":"en","short_answer":"An adult stem cell is an undifferentiated cell found in developed tissue that can renew itself and produce specialized cells of that tissue. Examples include hematopoietic stem cells in bone marrow and mesenchymal stromal cells in fat. They are generally multipotent rather than pluripotent, and their best-established therapeutic use is blood-forming stem cell transplantation.","url":"https://worldwiki.io/q/what-is-an-adult-stem-cell"},{"slug":"what-is-the-difference-between-adult-stem-cells-and-embryonic-stem-cells","question":"What is the difference between adult stem cells and embryonic stem cells?","intent":"informational","language":"en","short_answer":"The main difference is potency. Embryonic stem cells are pluripotent and can give rise to nearly all of the body's cell types. Adult stem cells are generally multipotent or unipotent, so they make only the cell types of their own tissue. Adult stem cells come from mature tissues such as bone marrow, skin or the cornea. Blood stem cell transplantation, which uses adult stem cells, is an established therapy.","url":"https://worldwiki.io/q/what-is-the-difference-between-adult-stem-cells-and-embryonic-stem-cells"},{"slug":"where-are-adult-stem-cells-found-in-the-body","question":"Where are adult stem cells found in the body?","intent":"informational","language":"en","short_answer":"Adult stem cells are found in many organs, including bone marrow, skin, gut, skeletal muscle, brain and the rim of the cornea. Mesenchymal stromal cells can also be isolated from fat tissue, umbilical cord Wharton's jelly and dental pulp. The cells usually sit in a specialised microenvironment, or niche, which controls when they divide and when they produce mature cells.","url":"https://worldwiki.io/q/where-are-adult-stem-cells-found-in-the-body"},{"slug":"what-diseases-are-treated-with-adult-stem-cells","question":"What diseases are treated with adult stem cells?","intent":"informational","language":"en","short_answer":"The established use is hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for blood cancers such as leukaemia, lymphoma and myeloma, and for some bone marrow and immune disorders. Skin grafts and corneal stem cell grafts for eye burns are also recognised. A bone-marrow-derived MSC product is approved in the US for steroid-refractory acute graft-versus-host disease in children. Most other claimed uses are unproven.","url":"https://worldwiki.io/q/what-diseases-are-treated-with-adult-stem-cells"},{"slug":"are-mesenchymal-stem-cell-treatments-fda-approved","question":"Are mesenchymal stem cell treatments FDA approved?","intent":"informational","language":"en","short_answer":"Only for a narrow use. In December 2024, the FDA approved remestemcel-L-rknd (Ryoncil), an MSC product made from donor bone marrow, for steroid-refractory acute graft-versus-host disease in patients aged 2 months and older. It was the first FDA-approved MSC therapy. No stem cell product is FDA-approved for orthopaedic conditions such as knee arthritis or back pain, or for neurological diseases, autism or anti-aging.","url":"https://worldwiki.io/q/are-mesenchymal-stem-cell-treatments-fda-approved"},{"slug":"성체줄기세포란-무엇인가요","question":"성체줄기세포란 무엇인가요?","intent":"informational","language":"ko","short_answer":"성체줄기세포는 태어난 뒤 우리 몸의 여러 조직에 남아 있는 줄기세포입니다. 스스로 복제할 수 있고, 손상되거나 수명을 다한 세포를 대신할 그 조직의 세포로 분화합니다. 골수, 혈액, 지방, 피부, 장 점막 등에 있으며, 얻는 부위에 따라 혈액(조혈모)줄기세포, 지방줄기세포, 골수줄기세포 등으로 부릅니다. 배아줄기세포와 달리 만들 수 있는 세포 종류가 제한적입니다.","url":"https://worldwiki.io/ko/q/성체줄기세포란-무엇인가요"},{"slug":"성체줄기세포에는-어떤-종류가-있나요","question":"성체줄기세포에는 어떤 종류가 있나요?","intent":"informational","language":"ko","short_answer":"대표적인 것은 세 가지입니다. 혈액줄기세포(조혈모세포)는 주로 골수에 있으며 적혈구·백혈구·혈소판을 만듭니다. 지방줄기세포는 지방조직에 있는 중간엽 줄기세포로 지방·연골·뼈 세포로 분화할 수 있고, 지방흡입으로 비교적 쉽게 얻습니다. 골수줄기세포는 골수에 있는 줄기세포를 통칭하며 조혈모세포와 중간엽 줄기세포가 함께 들어 있습니다. 이 밖에 피부, 장, 근육, 각막에도 고유한 줄기세포가 있습니다.","url":"https://worldwiki.io/ko/q/성체줄기세포에는-어떤-종류가-있나요"},{"slug":"조혈모세포-혈액줄기세포-란-무엇이고-어디에서-얻나요","question":"조혈모세포(혈액줄기세포)란 무엇이고 어디에서 얻나요?","intent":"informational","language":"ko","short_answer":"조혈모세포는 적혈구, 백혈구, 혈소판 등 모든 혈액세포를 만들어내는 줄기세포로, 혈액줄기세포라고도 합니다. 주로 골수에 있으며 말초혈액과 탯줄혈액(제대혈)에서도 얻을 수 있습니다. 백혈병, 림프종, 다발골수종 같은 혈액암 치료에 쓰는 조혈모세포 이식이 가장 오래되고 확립된 줄기세포 치료로, 전 세계에서 150만 건 넘게 시행됐습니다.","url":"https://worldwiki.io/ko/q/조혈모세포-혈액줄기세포-란-무엇이고-어디에서-얻나요"},{"slug":"골수줄기세포란-무엇인가요-조혈모세포와-같은-건가요","question":"골수줄기세포란 무엇인가요? 조혈모세포와 같은 건가요?","intent":"informational","language":"ko","short_answer":"같지 않습니다. 골수줄기세포는 뼈 속 골수에 있는 줄기세포를 통칭하는 말이고, 그 안에 두 종류가 함께 들어 있습니다. 하나는 혈액세포를 만드는 조혈모세포이고, 다른 하나는 뼈·연골·지방 세포로 분화하는 중간엽 줄기세포(골수 기질세포)입니다. 혈액암 치료의 \"골수이식\"은 앞의 조혈모세포를 옮기는 것이고, 연골·조직 재생 연구에서 말하는 골수줄기세포는 대개 뒤의 중간엽 줄기세포를 가리킵니다.","url":"https://worldwiki.io/ko/q/골수줄기세포란-무엇인가요-조혈모세포와-같은-건가요"},{"slug":"성체줄기세포와-배아줄기세포는-무엇이-다른가요","question":"성체줄기세포와 배아줄기세포는 무엇이 다른가요?","intent":"comparison","language":"ko","short_answer":"가장 큰 차이는 만들 수 있는 세포의 범위입니다. 배아줄기세포는 초기 배아(배반포)에서 얻으며 몸의 거의 모든 세포로 분화할 수 있습니다. 성체줄기세포는 태어난 뒤의 골수, 지방, 혈액 같은 조직에서 얻고, 대개 그 조직 계열의 세포만 만듭니다. 성체줄기세포는 자기 몸에서 얻을 수 있어 면역 거부와 윤리 문제가 적고, 조혈모세포 이식처럼 이미 치료에 쓰이고 있습니다.","url":"https://worldwiki.io/ko/q/성체줄기세포와-배아줄기세포는-무엇이-다른가요"}],"sources":[{"id":1,"title":"Stem Cell Basics","url":"https://stemcells.nih.gov/info/basics","publisher":"National Institutes of Health (NIH)","type":"government","publication_date":null,"accessed_at":"2026-09-15 01:35:59"},{"id":237,"title":"Adult Stem Cells in Tissue Maintenance and Regeneration","url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4754501/","publisher":"Stem Cells International (Montagnani, Rueger, Hosoda, Nurzynska)","type":"journal","publication_date":null,"accessed_at":"2026-11-10 18:01:04"},{"id":236,"title":"What Are Stem Cells?","url":"https://www.nigms.nih.gov/biobeat/2024/11/what-are-stem-cells","publisher":"National Institute of General Medical Sciences (NIH)","type":"government","publication_date":"2024-11-27","accessed_at":"2026-11-10 18:01:27"},{"id":112,"title":"Consumer Alert on Regenerative Medicine Products Including Stem Cells and Exosomes","url":"https://www.fda.gov/vaccines-blood-biologics/consumers-biologics/consumer-alert-regenerative-medicine-products-including-stem-cells-and-exosomes","publisher":"U.S. Food and Drug Administration","type":"government","publication_date":"2024-04-09","accessed_at":"2026-11-11 18:01:14"},{"id":238,"title":"FDA Approves First Mesenchymal Stromal Cell Therapy to Treat Steroid-refractory Acute Graft-versus-host Disease","url":"https://www.fda.gov/news-events/press-announcements/fda-approves-first-mesenchymal-stromal-cell-therapy-treat-steroid-refractory-acute-graft-versus-host","publisher":"U.S. Food and Drug Administration","type":"government","publication_date":"2024-12-18","accessed_at":"2026-11-09 18:00:30"},{"id":239,"title":"에프씨비파미셀 줄기세포치료제 식약청 허가","url":"https://edaily.co.kr/News/Read?mediaCodeNo=257&newsId=01315286596311240","publisher":"Edaily","type":"news","publication_date":"2011-07-04","accessed_at":"2026-11-10 18:01:04"}],"providers":[],"published_at":"2026-09-14 13:42:07","updated_at":"2026-11-12 05:20:00","verified_at":null}