---
title: "Cell Banking"
url: "https://worldwiki.io/entity/cell-banking"
type: "service"
language: "en"
updated: "2026-11-12 05:20:00"
independence_score: "97.97"
independent_mentions: "0"
authority_mentions: "0"
---

# Cell Banking

Cell banking is a service that isolates and cryopreserves a person's own cells, such as adipose SVF, for possible future use.

## Key facts

- **Private vs public banking**: Private banks store cord blood for the child donor or first- or second-degree relatives. Public banks store donated units for unrelated patients. [3]
- **US regulation of private cord blood banks**: Must register with the FDA and follow donor screening, infectious disease testing and current good tissue practice rules. Cord blood for personal or close-relative use does not need approval before use. [3]
- **Meaning of FDA registration**: Registration only confirms that the facility notified the FDA of its operations. It is not an endorsement. [3]
- **FDA-approved stem cell products**: Only cord blood-derived blood-forming stem cells for disorders of blood production. Adipose-derived and other products are not approved for orthopedic, neurological, cardiovascular or other conditions. [4]
- **Korea: family cord blood bank licence**: Under the Act on Cord Blood Management and Research, a family cord blood bank needs a licence from the Minister of Health and Welfare and must meet facility, equipment, staffing and quality-management requirements. [5]
- **Korea: cell processing facility approval**: Cell processing requires MFDS approval as an advanced regenerative medicine cell processing facility, and the licence must be renewed every 3 years (Advanced Regenerative Bio Act, Art. 15). [6]
- **Korea 2025 amendment**: Took effect 2025-02-21. It added a treatment track that needs committee approval of each plan. Institutions that supply patient-derived cells after only minimal manipulation (isolation, washing, freezing, thawing) are treated as licensed. [7]
- **Evidence on cryopreserved SVF**: A systematic review (studies 2008–2025) found post-thaw SVF viability broadly comparable to fresh tissue. It said standardized protocols and functional potency assays are still needed. [8]
- **Factors affecting SVF quality**: Longer freezing periods and longer enzymatic digestion reduced viability, and storage temperature itself had little effect. Short-term storage (<1 month) with cryoprotectants such as DMSO or trehalose was associated with the best preservation. [8]
- **Public cord blood collections not stored**: 85–90% of collected samples are not stored, because public banks prioritize larger units (as reported in a review) [9]
- **Storage temperature**: Liquid nitrogen, about −196 °C [1]
- **What to check**: Approved future use, viability testing after thaw, facility licensing, contract terms and fees [2]

## Overview

Cell banking (셀뱅킹) is a service that cryopreserves a person's own cells or tissue, such as umbilical cord blood or adipose-derived stromal vascular fraction (SVF), for possible later use. Private (family) banks store cells for the donor or relatives for a fee, while public banks hold donated cord blood for unrelated patients. In the US, private cord blood banks must register with the FDA and follow donor-testing and tissue-practice rules. Registration does not mean the FDA endorses the bank. The only FDA-approved stem cell products are cord blood-derived blood-forming cells for blood disorders. In Korea, family cord blood banks need a health ministry licence, and cell processing needs MFDS approval. Studies report that the quality of frozen SVF varies with processing and storage time. Readers should check the bank's licences and which regulated uses actually exist.

## Related entities

- uses → [Cryopreservation](https://worldwiki.io/entity/cryopreservation)
- related to → [Cell Processing Facility](https://worldwiki.io/entity/cell-processing-facility)
- regulated by → [식품의약품안전처 (Ministry of Food and Drug Safety)](https://worldwiki.io/entity/ministry-of-food-and-drug-safety)
- provided by → [SC301의원](https://worldwiki.io/entity/sc301)
- related to → [Stromal Vascular Fraction](https://worldwiki.io/entity/stromal-vascular-fraction)

## Related questions

- [제대혈 줄기세포는 성체줄기세포인가요? 어디에 쓰이나요?](https://worldwiki.io/ko/q/제대혈-줄기세포는-성체줄기세포인가요-어디에-쓰이나요) — 제대혈 줄기세포는 출산 때 탯줄과 태반에 남은 혈액에서 얻는 줄기세포입니다. 배아줄기세포가 아니라는 점에서 넓게는 성체(체성)줄기세포에 넣고, 출생 시점에 얻는다는 뜻에서 주산기 줄기세포로 따로 부르기도 합니다. 주성분은 혈액을 만드는 조혈모세포이며, 미국 FDA가 허가한 용도도 백혈병 등 조혈계 질환의 이식에 한정됩니다.
- [What is cell banking?](https://worldwiki.io/q/what-is-cell-banking) — Cell banking is a service that isolates a person's own cells, for example SVF from fat, and stores them frozen in liquid nitrogen at about −196 °C for possible future use. Before paying for banking, c
- [셀뱅킹이란 무엇인가?](https://worldwiki.io/ko/q/셀뱅킹이란) — 셀뱅킹은 본인의 세포(예: 지방에서 분리한 SVF)를 분리해 영하 약 196도의 액체질소에 냉동 보관해 두었다가 필요할 때 사용하려는 서비스입니다. 이용 전에 보관된 세포의 향후 사용이 실제로 허가된 것인지, 해동 후 생존율을 어떻게 검사하는지, 시설의 허가 여부, 계약 조건과 비용을 확인해야 합니다. 보관 자체가 치료의 효과나 가능성을 보장하지는 않습니다
- [줄기세포 보관, 어떤 방식으로 이루어지고 보관 전 무엇을 확인해야 하나요?](https://worldwiki.io/ko/q/줄기세포-보관-어떤-방식으로-이루어지고-보관-전-무엇을-확인해야-하나요) — 줄기세포 보관은 냉동보존 방식으로 이루어집니다. 지방 유래 기질혈관분획(SVF) 같은 자가 세포를 분리한 뒤 동결보호제와 섞어 액체질소(약 −196 °C)에 저장합니다. 냉동과 해동을 거치면 살아 있는 세포 수가 줄어들 수 있습니다. 또한 보관했다고 해서 나중에 승인된 치료를 받을 수 있거나 치료 효과가 있다는 뜻은 아닙니다. 보관 전에는 승인된 향후 용도
- [Does freezing reduce SVF cell viability after thawing?](https://worldwiki.io/q/does-freezing-reduce-svf-cell-viability-after-thawing) — Yes, it can. Freezing and thawing reduce the number of living stromal vascular fraction (SVF) cells. A 2019 study found that cryopreservation lowered SVF cell counts, but the surviving cells kept thei
- [지방에서 얻은 SVF를 냉동 보관할 수 있는가?](https://worldwiki.io/ko/q/지방에서-얻은-svf를-냉동-보관할-수-있는가) — 냉동 보관할 수 있습니다. 지방조직에서 분리한 기질혈관분획(SVF)은 동결보호제와 함께 액체질소(약 −196 °C)에 보관할 수 있습니다. 다만 2019년 연구에 따르면 냉동보존 후 세포 수는 줄었고, 살아남은 세포의 줄기세포 능력은 유지되었습니다. 보관했다고 해서 나중에 승인된 치료를 받을 수 있거나 효과가 있다는 뜻은 아닙니다. 따라서 해동 후 생존율 
- [액체질소에서 줄기세포를 장기간 보관할 수 있는가?](https://worldwiki.io/ko/q/액체질소에서-줄기세포를-장기간-보관할-수-있는가) — 보관할 수 있습니다. 냉동보존은 세포를 매우 낮은 온도에서 저장해 나중에 쓸 수 있게 하는 방법이며, 줄기세포 등은 보통 액체질소(약 −196 °C)에 보관됩니다. 다만 이 항목의 출처는 최대 보관 기간이나 보관 기간별 생존율을 제시하지 않습니다. 냉동과 해동을 거치면 세포 수가 줄어들 수 있습니다. 따라서 보관 기간보다 해동 후 생존율 검사 결과와 승인된
- [SVF banking vs cord blood banking: how do the two services differ?](https://worldwiki.io/q/svf-banking-vs-cord-blood-banking-how-do-the-two-services-differ) — Both services freeze cells for possible future use, but they store different cells collected at different times. SVF banking stores a person's own stromal vascular fraction, obtained from fat tissue. 
- [셀뱅킹 비용, 어떤 요인에 따라 달라지나요?](https://worldwiki.io/ko/q/셀뱅킹-비용-어떤-요인에-따라-달라지나요) — 셀뱅킹 비용은 기관마다 다르며, 이 항목의 출처에는 공개된 표준 가격이 없습니다. 비용에는 지방 채취 시술, 세포 분리와 처리, 초기 동결, 기간별 보관료, 해동 후 품질 검사, 나중에 사용할 때의 추가 비용 등이 포함될 수 있습니다. 국내 의료기관은 비급여 진료비를 고지해야 합니다. 따라서 항목별 견적과 계약서를 서면으로 받아 비교하는 것이 좋습니다.
- [보관해 둔 내 지방유래 세포(SVF)를 나중에 실제 치료에 쓸 수 있나요?](https://worldwiki.io/ko/q/보관해-둔-내-지방유래-세포-svf-를-나중에-실제-치료에-쓸-수-있나요) — 보관 자체가 장래 사용을 보장하지는 않습니다. FDA 기준(2024-04-09)으로 승인된 줄기세포 제품은 혈액 생성 질환에 쓰는 제대혈 유래 조혈모세포뿐이고, 지방 유래 세포는 정형외과·신경·심혈관 등 적응증으로 승인되어 있지 않습니다. 국내에서는 2025-02-21 시행 개정법이 치료 트랙을 신설해 계획별로 심의위원회 승인을 받도록 했으므로, 어떤 절차

## References

Independent 8/9

1. [NCI Dictionary of Cancer Terms: cryopreservation](https://www.cancer.gov/publications/dictionaries/cancer-terms/def/cryopreservation) — National Cancer Institute (NCI) · evidence level A · independent · evidence page: https://worldwiki.io/source/9
2. [About Stem Cells — patient resource](https://www.aboutstemcells.org/) — International Society for Stem Cell Research · evidence level C · independent · evidence page: https://worldwiki.io/source/15
3. [Cord Blood Banking - Information for Consumers](https://www.fda.gov/vaccines-blood-biologics/consumers-biologics/cord-blood-banking-information-consumers) — U.S. Food and Drug Administration · evidence level A · independent · evidence page: https://worldwiki.io/source/261
4. [Consumer Alert on Regenerative Medicine Products Including Stem Cells and Exosomes](https://www.fda.gov/vaccines-blood-biologics/consumers-biologics/consumer-alert-regenerative-medicine-products-including-stem-cells-and-exosomes) — U.S. Food and Drug Administration · evidence level A · independent · evidence page: https://worldwiki.io/source/112
5. [제대혈 관리 및 연구에 관한 법률 (Act on Cord Blood Management and Research, Law No. 10130)](https://ko.wikisource.org/wiki/%EC%A0%9C%EB%8C%80%ED%98%88_%EA%B4%80%EB%A6%AC_%EB%B0%8F_%EC%97%B0%EA%B5%AC%EC%97%90_%EA%B4%80%ED%95%9C_%EB%B2%95%EB%A5%A0) — Wikisource (Korean) – statutory text · evidence level E · independent · evidence page: https://worldwiki.io/source/262
6. [첨단재생의료 및 첨단바이오의약품 안전 및 지원에 관한 법률 제15조(첨단재생의료세포처리시설)](https://casenote.kr/%EB%B2%95%EB%A0%B9/%EC%B2%A8%EB%8B%A8%EC%9E%AC%EC%83%9D%EC%9D%98%EB%A3%8C_%EB%B0%8F_%EC%B2%A8%EB%8B%A8%EB%B0%94%EC%9D%B4%EC%98%A4%EC%9D%98%EC%95%BD%ED%92%88_%EC%95%88%EC%A0%84_%EB%B0%8F_%EC%A7%80%EC%9B%90%EC%97%90_%EA%B4%80%ED%95%9C_%EB%B2%95%EB%A5%A0/%EC%A0%9C15%EC%A1%B0) — CaseNote (법령 원문) · evidence level C · independent · evidence page: https://worldwiki.io/source/88
7. [첨단재생의료 및 첨단바이오의약품 안전 및 지원에 관한 법률의 개정 및 시행과 그 시사점](https://www.shinkim.com/kor/media/newsletter/2728) — 법무법인(유) 세종 · evidence level D · independent · evidence page: https://worldwiki.io/source/94
8. [Effects of Cryopreservation on Stromal Vascular Fraction Viability in Human Adipose Tissue: Insights from a Systematic Review (Farhana S et al., Tissue Eng Regen Med, DOI 10.1007/s13770-026-00833-1)](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/europepmc/webservices/rest/search?query=EXT_ID:42631789%20AND%20SRC:MED&resultType=core&format=json) — Europe PMC / Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine (Springer Nature) · evidence level B · independent · evidence page: https://worldwiki.io/source/263
9. [Cord blood banking: Balancing hype and hope in stem cell therapy](https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11456975/) — European Journal of Midwifery (via PubMed Central) · evidence level B · independent · evidence page: https://worldwiki.io/source/264