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医療 · Stem Cell

Adipose Tissue

別名: body fat, fat tissue, 지방조직

公開 2026年9月14日更新 2026年11月11日
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言語Englishこの言語にはまだ翻訳されていないため、英語の原文を表示しています。
定義

Adipose tissue is body fat: a connective tissue made mostly of fat cells (adipocytes) together with blood vessels, immune cells and stromal cells.

クイック回答

What is adipose tissue?

Adipose tissue is body fat: a connective tissue made mostly of fat cells (adipocytes) with blood vessels, immune cells and stromal cells. It stores energy and produces hormones. Because it is abundant and can be removed by liposuction, it is a common source of cells for research and for procedures such as fat grafting and SVF isolation.

検証済み 2026年9月15日

主要な事実

項目値出典
DefinitionA metabolic and endocrine tissue made of mature adipocytes, which store energy as triacylglycerols in a large central lipid droplet, plus a stromal vascular fraction時点 2020年4月4日[3]journalAdipose Tissue: Physiology to Metabolic Dysfunction (Endotext)NCBI Bookshelf / MDText.com (Richard AJ, White U, Elks CM, Stephens JM)
Types of adipose tissueWhite (energy storage), brown (non-shivering thermogenesis), beige (mixed brown/white traits); pink adipocytes are described in the mammary gland during pregnancy and lactation時点 2020年4月4日[3]journalAdipose Tissue: Physiology to Metabolic Dysfunction (Endotext)NCBI Bookshelf / MDText.com (Richard AJ, White U, Elks CM, Stephens JM)
Main depotsSubcutaneous and visceral (e.g., mesenteric, retroperitoneal, gonadal in rodents)時点 2020年4月4日[3]journalAdipose Tissue: Physiology to Metabolic Dysfunction (Endotext)NCBI Bookshelf / MDText.com (Richard AJ, White U, Elks CM, Stephens JM)
Key secreted hormones (adipokines)Leptin, adiponectin, resistin; circulating adiponectin is about 2–20 µg/mL µg/mL時点 2020年4月4日[3]journalAdipose Tissue: Physiology to Metabolic Dysfunction (Endotext)NCBI Bookshelf / MDText.com (Richard AJ, White U, Elks CM, Stephens JM)
Leptin (ob gene) cloned1994, reported in Nature by Zhang, Proenca, Maffei et al. in Jeffrey Friedman's laboratory[4]journalLeptin 30 years – A chat with Jeffrey M. FriedmanArchives of Endocrinology and Metabolism, via PubMed Central
Brown fat heat productionUncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) uncouples mitochondrial respiration from ATP synthesis and releases the energy as heat[5]journalBrown adipose tissue activity as a target for the treatment of obesity/insulin resistanceFrontiers in Physiology (Poher et al., via PubMed Central)
Active brown fat shown in adult humans2009, by FDG-PET/CT imaging[5]journalBrown adipose tissue activity as a target for the treatment of obesity/insulin resistanceFrontiers in Physiology (Poher et al., via PubMed Central)
Stromal vascular fraction compositionMixed population of preadipocytes, fibroblasts, pericytes, macrophages, blood cells, endothelial progenitor cells and mesenchymal stromal cells[6]journalIntraoperative Strategies for Minimal Manipulation of Autologous Adipose Tissue for Cell- and Tissue-Based Therapies: Concise Review (Trivisonno A et al.)Stem Cells Translational Medicine / PubMed Central
Main cell typeAdipocytes (fat cells) plus vascular, immune and stromal cells[1]academicSafety profile of autologous adipose-derived stromal vascular fraction in clinical use: an exhaustive literature reviewStem Cell Research & Therapy (2026)
US regulatory status of enzymatic SVFSVF isolated by collagenase digestion falls outside FDA 'minimal manipulation' criteria and generally requires controlled clinical trials and regulatory review[6]journalIntraoperative Strategies for Minimal Manipulation of Autologous Adipose Tissue for Cell- and Tissue-Based Therapies: Concise Review (Trivisonno A et al.)Stem Cells Translational Medicine / PubMed Central
Harvest method for cell isolationLiposuction[2]organizationLiposuctionAmerican Society of Plastic Surgeons
Governing FDA guidance'Regulatory Considerations for HCT/Ps: Minimal Manipulation and Homologous Use' (21 CFR 1271.10(a)); July 2020 version, superseding the Nov/Dec 2017 guidance時点 2020年7月1日[7]governmentRegulatory Considerations for Human Cells, Tissues, and Cellular and Tissue-Based Products: Minimal Manipulation and Homologous UseU.S. Food and Drug Administration
Korean regulatory statusCulture-expanded stem cell products are drugs under the Pharmaceutical Affairs Act. Uncultured autologous cells that are only separated, washed, frozen or thawed are not considered unlawful. The Advanced Regenerative Bio Act took effect in August 2020時点 2020年6月22日[8]news불가능했던 줄기세포 배양시술 첨바법으로 열리나? (Will the Advanced Regenerative Bio Act open the way for cultured stem cell procedures?)Medical Times (column by attorney Oh Seung-jun, LK Partners)

概要

Adipose tissue (body fat) is a connective tissue made of lipid-filled adipocytes and a stromal vascular fraction that contains preadipocytes, endothelial, stromal and immune cells. White fat stores energy as triacylglycerol in subcutaneous and visceral depots. Brown fat produces heat through uncoupling protein 1, and beige adipocytes share traits of both. Adipose tissue is also an endocrine organ that secretes adipokines such as leptin and adiponectin, and its dysfunction is linked to obesity-related metabolic disease. Lipoaspirate is used for autologous fat grafting and as a source of cells. In the US, SVF isolated by enzymatic digestion is generally treated as more than minimally manipulated and is subject to FDA review. In Korea, stem cells expanded by culture are regulated as drugs. Readers should check the approval status of any adipose-derived cell therapy.

参考文献

独立出典比率 100% (8/8)
レベル A · 1レベル B · 5レベル C · 1レベル D · 1
  1. レベル B · academicSafety profile of autologous adipose-derived stromal vascular fraction in clinical use: an exhaustive literature review — Stem Cell Research & Therapy (2026) · 閲覧日 2026年11月12日 · 根拠ページ
  2. レベル C · organizationLiposuction — American Society of Plastic Surgeons · 閲覧日 2026年11月12日 · 根拠ページ
  3. レベル B · journalAdipose Tissue: Physiology to Metabolic Dysfunction (Endotext) — NCBI Bookshelf / MDText.com (Richard AJ, White U, Elks CM, Stephens JM) · 閲覧日 2026年11月11日 · 根拠ページ
  4. レベル B · journalLeptin 30 years – A chat with Jeffrey M. Friedman — Archives of Endocrinology and Metabolism, via PubMed Central · 閲覧日 2026年11月10日 · 根拠ページ
  5. レベル B · journalBrown adipose tissue activity as a target for the treatment of obesity/insulin resistance — Frontiers in Physiology (Poher et al., via PubMed Central) · 閲覧日 2026年11月11日 · 根拠ページ
  6. レベル B · journalIntraoperative Strategies for Minimal Manipulation of Autologous Adipose Tissue for Cell- and Tissue-Based Therapies: Concise Review (Trivisonno A et al.) — Stem Cells Translational Medicine / PubMed Central · 閲覧日 2026年11月10日 · 根拠ページ
  7. レベル A · governmentRegulatory Considerations for Human Cells, Tissues, and Cellular and Tissue-Based Products: Minimal Manipulation and Homologous Use — U.S. Food and Drug Administration · 閲覧日 2026年11月10日 · 根拠ページ
  8. レベル D · news불가능했던 줄기세포 배양시술 첨바법으로 열리나? (Will the Advanced Regenerative Bio Act open the way for cultured stem cell procedures?) — Medical Times (column by attorney Oh Seung-jun, LK Partners) · 閲覧日 2026年11月11日 · 根拠ページ
変更履歴
初回公開 · 2026年9月14日