医疗 · Stem Cell
Adipose Tissue
别名: body fat, fat tissue, 지방조직
发布 2026年9月14日更新 2026年9月20日
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定义
Adipose tissue is body fat: a connective tissue made mostly of fat cells (adipocytes) together with blood vessels, immune cells and stromal cells.
快速回答
What is adipose tissue?
Adipose tissue is body fat: a connective tissue made mostly of fat cells (adipocytes) with blood vessels, immune cells and stromal cells. It stores energy and produces hormones. Because it is abundant and can be removed by liposuction, it is a common source of cells for research and for procedures such as fat grafting and SVF isolation.
已验证 2026年9月15日
关键事实
| 属性 | 值 | 来源 |
|---|---|---|
| Definition | A metabolic and endocrine tissue made of mature adipocytes, which store energy as triacylglycerols in a large central lipid droplet, plus a stromal vascular fraction截至 2020年4月4日 | [3]journalAdipose Tissue: Physiology to Metabolic Dysfunction (Endotext)NCBI Bookshelf / MDText.com (Richard AJ, White U, Elks CM, Stephens JM) |
| Types of adipose tissue | White (energy storage), brown (non-shivering thermogenesis), beige (mixed brown/white traits); pink adipocytes are described in the mammary gland during pregnancy and lactation截至 2020年4月4日 | [3]journalAdipose Tissue: Physiology to Metabolic Dysfunction (Endotext)NCBI Bookshelf / MDText.com (Richard AJ, White U, Elks CM, Stephens JM) |
| Main depots | Subcutaneous and visceral (e.g., mesenteric, retroperitoneal, gonadal in rodents)截至 2020年4月4日 | [3]journalAdipose Tissue: Physiology to Metabolic Dysfunction (Endotext)NCBI Bookshelf / MDText.com (Richard AJ, White U, Elks CM, Stephens JM) |
| Key secreted hormones (adipokines) | Leptin, adiponectin, resistin; circulating adiponectin is about 2–20 µg/mL µg/mL截至 2020年4月4日 | [3]journalAdipose Tissue: Physiology to Metabolic Dysfunction (Endotext)NCBI Bookshelf / MDText.com (Richard AJ, White U, Elks CM, Stephens JM) |
| Leptin (ob gene) cloned | 1994, reported in Nature by Zhang, Proenca, Maffei et al. in Jeffrey Friedman's laboratory | [4]journalLeptin 30 years – A chat with Jeffrey M. FriedmanArchives of Endocrinology and Metabolism, via PubMed Central |
| Brown fat heat production | Uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) uncouples mitochondrial respiration from ATP synthesis and releases the energy as heat | [5]journalBrown adipose tissue activity as a target for the treatment of obesity/insulin resistanceFrontiers in Physiology (Poher et al., via PubMed Central) |
| Active brown fat shown in adult humans | 2009, by FDG-PET/CT imaging | [5]journalBrown adipose tissue activity as a target for the treatment of obesity/insulin resistanceFrontiers in Physiology (Poher et al., via PubMed Central) |
| Stromal vascular fraction composition | Mixed population of preadipocytes, fibroblasts, pericytes, macrophages, blood cells, endothelial progenitor cells and mesenchymal stromal cells | [6]journalIntraoperative Strategies for Minimal Manipulation of Autologous Adipose Tissue for Cell- and Tissue-Based Therapies: Concise Review (Trivisonno A et al.)Stem Cells Translational Medicine / PubMed Central |
| Main cell type | Adipocytes (fat cells) plus vascular, immune and stromal cells | [1]academicSafety profile of autologous adipose-derived stromal vascular fraction in clinical use: an exhaustive literature reviewStem Cell Research & Therapy (2026) |
| US regulatory status of enzymatic SVF | SVF isolated by collagenase digestion falls outside FDA 'minimal manipulation' criteria and generally requires controlled clinical trials and regulatory review | [6]journalIntraoperative Strategies for Minimal Manipulation of Autologous Adipose Tissue for Cell- and Tissue-Based Therapies: Concise Review (Trivisonno A et al.)Stem Cells Translational Medicine / PubMed Central |
| Harvest method for cell isolation | Liposuction | [2]organizationLiposuctionAmerican Society of Plastic Surgeons |
| Governing FDA guidance | 'Regulatory Considerations for HCT/Ps: Minimal Manipulation and Homologous Use' (21 CFR 1271.10(a)); July 2020 version, superseding the Nov/Dec 2017 guidance截至 2020年7月1日 | [7]governmentRegulatory Considerations for Human Cells, Tissues, and Cellular and Tissue-Based Products: Minimal Manipulation and Homologous UseU.S. Food and Drug Administration |
| Korean regulatory status | Culture-expanded stem cell products are drugs under the Pharmaceutical Affairs Act. Uncultured autologous cells that are only separated, washed, frozen or thawed are not considered unlawful. The Advanced Regenerative Bio Act took effect in August 2020截至 2020年6月22日 | [8]news불가능했던 줄기세포 배양시술 첨바법으로 열리나? (Will the Advanced Regenerative Bio Act open the way for cultured stem cell procedures?)Medical Times (column by attorney Oh Seung-jun, LK Partners) |
概述
Adipose tissue (body fat) is a connective tissue made of lipid-filled adipocytes and a stromal vascular fraction that contains preadipocytes, endothelial, stromal and immune cells. White fat stores energy as triacylglycerol in subcutaneous and visceral depots. Brown fat produces heat through uncoupling protein 1, and beige adipocytes share traits of both. Adipose tissue is also an endocrine organ that secretes adipokines such as leptin and adiponectin, and its dysfunction is linked to obesity-related metabolic disease. Lipoaspirate is used for autologous fat grafting and as a source of cells. In the US, SVF isolated by enzymatic digestion is generally treated as more than minimally manipulated and is subject to FDA review. In Korea, stem cells expanded by culture are regulated as drugs. Readers should check the approval status of any adipose-derived cell therapy.
参考来源
独立来源比例 100% (8/8)等级 A · 1等级 B · 5等级 C · 1等级 D · 1
- 等级 B · academicSafety profile of autologous adipose-derived stromal vascular fraction in clinical use: an exhaustive literature review — Stem Cell Research & Therapy (2026) · 访问于 2026年9月20日 · 证据页
- 等级 C · organizationLiposuction — American Society of Plastic Surgeons · 访问于 2026年9月20日 · 证据页
- 等级 B · journalAdipose Tissue: Physiology to Metabolic Dysfunction (Endotext) — NCBI Bookshelf / MDText.com (Richard AJ, White U, Elks CM, Stephens JM) · 访问于 2026年9月20日 · 证据页
- 等级 B · journalLeptin 30 years – A chat with Jeffrey M. Friedman — Archives of Endocrinology and Metabolism, via PubMed Central · 访问于 2026年9月20日 · 证据页
- 等级 B · journalBrown adipose tissue activity as a target for the treatment of obesity/insulin resistance — Frontiers in Physiology (Poher et al., via PubMed Central) · 访问于 2026年9月20日 · 证据页
- 等级 B · journalIntraoperative Strategies for Minimal Manipulation of Autologous Adipose Tissue for Cell- and Tissue-Based Therapies: Concise Review (Trivisonno A et al.) — Stem Cells Translational Medicine / PubMed Central · 访问于 2026年9月20日 · 证据页
- 等级 A · governmentRegulatory Considerations for Human Cells, Tissues, and Cellular and Tissue-Based Products: Minimal Manipulation and Homologous Use — U.S. Food and Drug Administration · 访问于 2026年9月20日 · 证据页
- 等级 D · news불가능했던 줄기세포 배양시술 첨바법으로 열리나? (Will the Advanced Regenerative Bio Act open the way for cultured stem cell procedures?) — Medical Times (column by attorney Oh Seung-jun, LK Partners) · 访问于 2026年9月20日 · 证据页
变更历史
首次发布 · 2026年9月14日