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What are the main types of stem cells?

Published Sep 18, 2026Updated Sep 19, 2026Last verified Sep 18, 2026Requests recorded in this site’s own server logs, with the crawler identity checked by reverse DNS or IP range.Google6Yandex1First collected Sep 18, 2026Recent requestsGoogleSep 19, 2026GoogleSep 19, 2026GoogleSep 19, 2026GoogleSep 19, 2026GoogleSep 19, 2026GoogleSep 18, 2026YandexSep 18, 2026
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Quick answer

There are three main types. Embryonic stem cells come from early embryos and can form all body cell types. Adult, or tissue-specific, stem cells are found in places such as bone marrow and blood, and usually produce only a limited family of cells. Induced pluripotent stem cells are mature cells reprogrammed in the lab to behave like embryonic stem cells. Umbilical cord blood stem cells are a further, blood-forming source.

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Answer

Human embryonic stem cell lines were first reported in 1998 [3]. Reprogramming of mouse cells into iPSCs was reported in 2006 [4].

Sources

  1. governmentStem Cells — MedlinePlus, U.S. National Library of Medicine · accessed Sep 19, 2026 · Evidence page
  2. governmentNCI Dictionary of Cancer Terms: stem cell — National Cancer Institute (NCI) · accessed Sep 20, 2026 · Evidence page
  3. academicEmbryonic Stem Cell Lines Derived from Human Blastocysts (Thomson et al., Science 282:1145–1147) — Science (AAAS); course copy hosted by University of Illinois · accessed Sep 19, 2026 · Evidence page
  4. newsNobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2012 awarded for discovery that mature cells can be reprogrammed to become pluripotent — ScienceDaily (Nobel Assembly at Karolinska Institutet release) · accessed Sep 19, 2026 · Evidence page
  5. governmentStem Cell Transplants in Cancer Treatment — National Cancer Institute · accessed Sep 19, 2026 · Evidence page
  6. governmentHoloclar – EPAR — European Medicines Agency · accessed Sep 20, 2026 · Evidence page
  7. governmentImportant Patient and Consumer Information About Regenerative Medicine Therapies — U.S. Food and Drug Administration · accessed Sep 19, 2026 · Evidence page
  8. organizationStem Cell Resources for Patients — International Society for Stem Cell Research (ISSCR) · accessed Sep 20, 2026 · Evidence page
  9. news규제 완화 3년 허가 0건...안풀리는 줄기세포치료제 — 데일리팜 (Dailypharm) · accessed Sep 19, 2026 · Evidence page
  10. industry첨단재생의료 및 첨단바이오의약품 안전 및 지원에 관한 법률의 개정 및 시행과 그 시사점 — 법무법인(유) 세종 · accessed Sep 20, 2026 · Evidence page
  11. journalA Comparative Analysis of the Advances in Stem Cell Therapy in Plastic Surgery: A Systematic Review of Current Applications and Future Directions — Cureus (via PubMed Central) · accessed Sep 19, 2026 · Evidence page