Cryopreservation
别名: 세포 동결보존, 냉동보존, cryobanking
Cryopreservation is cooling and storing cells, tissues or organs at very low or freezing temperatures so they can be used later.
Can SVF be frozen and stored (cryopreserved)?
Yes. SVF can be cryopreserved in liquid nitrogen with cryoprotectants. Freezing and thawing reduce the number of living cells; a 2019 study reported lower cell counts after cryopreservation but preserved stem cell potency in surviving cells, and a 2026 systematic review examined viability effects across studies. Viability after thaw should be measured before clinical use.
关键事实
| 属性 | 值 | 来源 |
|---|---|---|
| Typical long-term storage temperature | About −196 °C (liquid nitrogen) °C | [4]journalCryopreservation and its clinical applicationsIntegrative Medicine Research (Jang TH et al.), via PubMed Central |
| Main methods | Slow freezing (about 1 °C/min, low cryoprotectant concentration) and vitrification (40–60% cryoprotectant, rapid cooling, no ice crystals) | [4]journalCryopreservation and its clinical applicationsIntegrative Medicine Research (Jang TH et al.), via PubMed Central |
| Common cryoprotective agents | DMSO, glycerol, and polymers such as polyethylene glycol and hydroxyethyl starch | [4]journalCryopreservation and its clinical applicationsIntegrative Medicine Research (Jang TH et al.), via PubMed Central |
| Main causes of freezing injury | Ice forming inside cells (fast cooling) and osmotic stress from concentrated solutes (slow cooling) | [4]journalCryopreservation and its clinical applicationsIntegrative Medicine Research (Jang TH et al.), via PubMed Central |
| Clinical applications | Oocytes and embryos, sperm, stem cells (embryonic, mesenchymal, hematopoietic), hepatocytes, blood products and bone marrow | [4]journalCryopreservation and its clinical applicationsIntegrative Medicine Research (Jang TH et al.), via PubMed Central |
| Glycerol described as a cryoprotectant | 1949, by Polge, Smith and Parkes (sperm revived after freezing with glycerol) | [5]academicCryopreservation | Embryo Project EncyclopediaArizona State University, Embryo Project Encyclopedia |
| First cryopreserved mammalian embryos producing offspring | 1972, mouse embryos frozen to −196 °C and −269 °C (Whittingham, Leibo and Mazur) | [5]academicCryopreservation | Embryo Project EncyclopediaArizona State University, Embryo Project Encyclopedia |
| US storage requirements for HCT/Ps | 21 CFR 1271.260: storage at an appropriate temperature, set temperature limits, record temperatures, set expiration dates where appropriate, and document corrective action截至 2026年9月18日 | [6]academic21 CFR § 1271.260 - StorageLegal Information Institute, Cornell Law School (US Code of Federal Regulations text) |
| UK storage limit for eggs, sperm and embryos | Up to 55 years, with patients re-consenting every 10 years (in force since 1 July 2022) years截至 2022年7月1日 | [7]governmentNew law comes into force giving greater flexibility for fertility patientsHuman Fertilisation and Embryology Authority (UK) |
| Definition (NCI) | Cooling and storing cells, tissues or organs at very low or freezing temperatures to save them for future use | [1]governmentNCI Dictionary of Cancer Terms: cryopreservationNational Cancer Institute (NCI) |
| Korea embryo storage period (Bioethics and Safety Act) | 5 years, or less if the consent-giver sets a shorter period; embryos not used for research after the period must be discarded years截至 2006年5月2日 | [8]government보건복지부 - 생명윤리 및 안전에 관한 법률 제16조(배아의 보존기간) 법령해석 (안건번호 06-0054)Ministry of Government Legislation, Republic of Korea (법제처) |
| Effect on SVF (study title finding) | A 2019 study reported that cryopreservation reduces SVF cell counts but not the stem cell potency of surviving cells | [2]academicCryopreservation of Stromal Vascular Fraction Cells Reduces Their Counts but Not Their Stem Cell PotencyPlastic and Reconstructive Surgery – Global Open (2019) |
| Systematic review | A 2026 systematic review examined effects of cryopreservation on SVF viability in human adipose tissue | [3]academicEffects of Cryopreservation on Stromal Vascular Fraction Viability in Human Adipose Tissue: Insights from a Systematic ReviewTissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine (2026) |
概述
Cryopreservation is a way of keeping organelles, cells, tissues and other biological material alive for later use by cooling them to very low temperatures. Long-term storage usually takes place in liquid nitrogen at about −196 °C. The two main methods are slow freezing, which cools at about 1 °C per minute with low levels of cryoprotective agents such as DMSO or glycerol, and vitrification, which uses high cryoprotectant levels and rapid cooling to form a glass-like solid without ice crystals. Cells can be damaged by ice forming inside them and by osmotic stress, so survival after thawing varies. It is used for sperm, oocytes and embryos, stem cells, hepatocytes and blood products. Storage is regulated: US tissue rules require controlled, recorded storage temperatures, and UK law limits storage time for eggs, sperm and embryos. Readers should check the protocol, post-thaw viability data and local consent and storage-time rules.
证据与声明
官方声明是服务方的陈述,除非另有标注,否则未经 worldwiki 验证。| 主张 | 类型 | 证据 | 来源 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cryopreservation reduces SVF cell counts but surviving cells retain stem cell potency. Single study; see 2026 systematic review for broader picture. | outcome | 中 | Cryopreservation of Stromal Vascular Fraction Cells Reduces Their Counts but Not Their Stem Cell Potency |
参考来源
独立来源比例 100% (10/10)- 等级 A · governmentNCI Dictionary of Cancer Terms: cryopreservation — National Cancer Institute (NCI) · 访问于 2026年9月20日 · 证据页
- 等级 B · academicCryopreservation of Stromal Vascular Fraction Cells Reduces Their Counts but Not Their Stem Cell Potency — Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery – Global Open (2019) · 访问于 2026年9月20日 · 证据页
- 等级 B · academicEffects of Cryopreservation on Stromal Vascular Fraction Viability in Human Adipose Tissue: Insights from a Systematic Review — Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine (2026) · 访问于 2026年9月20日 · 证据页
- 等级 B · journalCryopreservation and its clinical applications — Integrative Medicine Research (Jang TH et al.), via PubMed Central · 访问于 2026年9月20日 · 证据页
- 等级 C · academicCryopreservation | Embryo Project Encyclopedia — Arizona State University, Embryo Project Encyclopedia · 访问于 2026年9月20日 · 证据页
- 等级 B · academic21 CFR § 1271.260 - Storage — Legal Information Institute, Cornell Law School (US Code of Federal Regulations text) · 访问于 2026年9月20日 · 证据页
- 等级 A · governmentNew law comes into force giving greater flexibility for fertility patients — Human Fertilisation and Embryology Authority (UK) · 访问于 2026年9月20日 · 证据页
- 等级 A · government보건복지부 - 생명윤리 및 안전에 관한 법률 제16조(배아의 보존기간) 법령해석 (안건번호 06-0054) — Ministry of Government Legislation, Republic of Korea (법제처) · 访问于 2026年9月20日 · 证据页
- 等级 C · organizationAbout Stem Cells — patient resource — International Society for Stem Cell Research · 访问于 2026年9月20日 · 证据页
- 等级 C · organizationISSCR Guidelines for Stem Cell Research and Clinical Translation — International Society for Stem Cell Research · 访问于 2026年9月20日 · 证据页